How many methods are there for solar generation?

• A. 1
• B. 2
• C. 3
• D. 4

Answer: (B)

Solar generation relies on two broad approaches: photovoltaic conversion and solar-thermal conversion.

Photovoltaic systems convert sunlight directly into electricity using semiconductors. When sunlight hits the photovoltaic material, it frees electrons and creates an electric current that can be captured by electrical contacts. This method is direct, with no moving parts, and is scalable from small rooftop panels to large solar farms.

Solar-thermal systems concentrate sunlight with mirrors to heat a working fluid. The intense heat produces steam, which drives a turbine connected to a generator, much like a conventional power plant. These plants can be designed to store heat and produce electricity when the sun isn’t shining.

Because electricity generation from sunlight falls into these two distinct methods, there are two ways to generate power from solar energy.